Are women likely to suffer from depression than men Essay

Are women likely to suffer from depression than men - Essay Example Proper treatment would alleviate the symptoms in over 80 percent of the cases. Yet, because depression is often unrecognized, depressed individuals often continue to suffer needlessly. Women are almost twice as likely as men to experience depression. Research continues to explore how this psychological problem affects women. At the same time, it is important for women to increase their awareness of what is already known about depression, so that they seek early and appropriate treatment. Major depression and dysthymia affect twice as many women as men. This two-to-one ratio exists regardless of racial and ethnic background or economic status. The same ratio has been reported in eleven other countries all over the world. Men and women have about the same rate of bipolar disorder (manic depression), though its course in women typically has more depressive and fewer manic episodes. Also, a greater number of women have the rapid cycling form of bipolar disorder, which may be more resistant to standard treatments. Many factors unique to women are suspected to play a role in developing depression. Research is focused on understanding these factors, including: reproductive, hormonal, genetic or other biological factors; abuse and oppression; interpersonal factors; and certain psychological and personality characteristics. But, the specific causes of depression in women remain unclear. Many women exposed to these stress factors do not develop depression. Remember, depression is a treatable psychological problem, and treatment is effective for most women The Dimensions of Depression in Women Adolescence:_ Studies show that the higher incidence of depression in females begins in adolescence, when roles and expectations change dramatically. The stresses of adolescence include forming an identity, confronting sexuality, separating from parents, and making decisions for the first time, along with other physical, intellectual, and hormonal changes. These stresses are generally different for boys and girls, and may be associated more often with depression in females. Some researchers have suggested that men and women differ in their expression of emotional problems. In adolescence, boys are more likely to develop behavioral and substance abuse problems, while girls are more likely to become depressed. Adulthood: relationships and work roles Stress can contribute to depression in many people. The higher incidence of depression in women may not be due to greater vulnerability, but to the particular stresses that many women face. These stresses include major responsibilities at home and work, single parenthood, and caring for children and aging parents. Social expectations play a role here as well. In two career families, women are more likely to have responsibility for a greater share of child care and household responsibilities. Role conflict is also an issue, as debate continues regarding whether women need to choose between family and work responsibilities, and about which choice is the "proper" one. Reproductive events:- Women's reproductive events include the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, the post pregnancy period, infertility, menopause, and sometimes, the decision not to have children. These events bring fluctuations in mood that for some women include

Verizon Wireless Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Verizon Wireless Marketing - Case Study Example Verizon Business provides communications and information technology (IT) services to global business and government clients. Headquartered in Basking Ridge, N.J., Verizon Wireless has the largest number of retail customers in the industry and is the most profitable wireless company in the U.S. The company is a joint venture of Verizon Communications (NYSE:VZ) and Vodafone (NYSE and LSE: VOD). (Verizon Wireless, 2008) Since wireless is the way of the future, the wireless divisions of these companies is the most hotly contested, and the focus of this "Battle of the Brands." It is important to note that despite Verizon Wireless bearing solely Verizon's name, it is not owned by just them, it is a 55%-45% joint venture between Verizon and Vodafone Group (NYSE: VOD). It is also important to note that AT&T Mobility is the service formerly known as Cingular, which was acquired by AT&T in 2006 when it bought BellSouth for $86B. Verizon Wireless lives up to its tagline as "America's Most Reliable Wireless Network". By doing so, it is the only major wireless company that offers a test-drive pledge that pays calls if a customer isn't satisfied and switches to another carrier. This marketing strategy is believed to have been backed upon by a broad marketing research. Verizon Wireless have focused on strengthening its customer loyalty, making it their edge from their competitors. It is believed to have the highest customer loyalty in the industry based on lowest-in-industry churn. -- footnote Compared to AT&T which is their serious challenger in wireless network, Verizon Wireless' products are almost the same with its competitor. Thus, the need to identify an area where they can perform better. Based on marketing research conducted, in order to increase customers of an industry, you need to increase a customer's trust in your products. Launching the Verizon Wireless Test Driver's Manual is a very strategic tactic that has been very effective for the company. It definitely achieved their objective to increase their trial rate. When a product if of high quality performance, a very vital percent, if not 100%, will lead to purchase rate and will then lead to re-purchase rate of customers until customer loyalty is established. By reading the mind of their consumers, Verizon Wireless knew exactly that their products are of high quality standards, leaving a little, if not zero, room for shifting to competition. None of this will be achieved if no marketing research has been intr icately done to its market. Competitive intelligence plays a vital role in analyzing competition of AT&T and Verizon Wireless. To analyze each of the company's stregths and weaknesses is important in order to come up with strategies to counter each other's marketing points. In detail, the present market of AT&T is composed of 71 million users againt 65 million users of Verizon Wireless. Looking first at Verizon Wireless, its strategy is simple. It focuses on the strength of its network as its main selling point. From the company's "Can you hear me now" ads, to the current "It's the network" ads, the point the company conveys is that if you have Verizon, you are covered by the biggest and most reliable network. AT&T's most memorable recent ads may be Martin Scorsese "We won't interrupt your phone calls, please don't interrupt our movies" ads that play at the cinema, but the company also runs television ads that focus on "more bars in more

Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Politics - Essay Example International trade is a common policy of an open economy. This might come in goods and services trade or in shipping of capital to and from the country. International trade is one of the highly talked about macroeconomic policies of the governments in the world. Almost all the capitalist countries open their goods and services to trade especially with the creation of the international agencies such as World Trade Organization and the World Bank. Opening the country to the rest of the world also means having an ally in the form of aids in case of calamities or wars. Trade talks can be bilateral or multilateral. At the present, the vast of its international relation of Africa is through foreign aid. The continent has opened its door to foreign aids especially after its independence from Europe. â€Å"Overseas development aid has played a much greater role in Africa than in any other part of the world† (Mkandawire). This paper wishes to trace if the existence of a trade deficit (having higher imports than exports) influenced the conduct of macroeconomic policies in African countries such as Tanzania. If so, in what ways has the deficit influenced macroeconomic policies? â€Å"In the broadest sense, macroeconomic policy is directly concerned with the aims of growth, distribution and sustainability that have been recognised as overriding national objectives† (National Development Strategy). â€Å"It is a tool for changing the economic positions of countries in the wordl economy† (Wuyts). International trade is one of the most important macroeconomic decision of a country as it affects its exchange rate, the interest rate and other aspects of the economy. TheAfrican economies was tagged as â€Å"uncommonly open† because of a high ratio of trade relative to the Gross Domestic Product (Wuyts). In the year 2000, this number reached to more than 60% of the GDP in Sub-Saharan Africa. An important study then is to

Fahrenheit 451 is a comment on modern technology Essay

Fahrenheit 451 is a comment on modern technology - Essay Example The firemen in the novel are government employees who burn and destroy books (Beley 146). The story revolves around Montag’s struggle to appease his frustration for the conformist society he is part of and to resist the book-burning totalitarian regime (Monahan 54). One of the messages the author gives across is that the people are responsible themselves for the sorry state for affairs that they are in. Bradbury supports the idea that men should be self-thinkers and be able to understand what constitutes right and wrong rather than letting the government do the decision-making. He argues that this can be achieved by perusing of erudite texts that reflect upon the mistakes of the past and provide critical analysis of the different aspects of life like religion, politics etc. The author believes that the great value of books in our lives is to promote independent thinking and free thought (Piddock 66). The novel is a comment on modern technology. This notion is exemplified frequently at several places in the novel. One of the main ideologies of the book is that technology deprives individuals from indulging in activities like literary discourse, the thought process of reflection and promotion of individual consciousness. Bradbury has acutely portrayed a society that does not appreciate the worth of books. Firemen are actually book-burners, illustrating how technology has replaced literature from the lives of the common man. The novel paints a grave picture of the society where people drive fast, watch television day in and day out and listen to Seashell Radio sets. The symbolism associated with the use of these radio sets is the alienation of people. The author reveals in the book, â€Å"And in her ears the little Seashells, the thimble radios tamped tight, and an electronic ocean of sound, of music and talk and music and talking coming in (12).† The Seashell radios are an allusion to headphones now being used commonly in the modern world. In the novel,

Write about the formalism(Texture,symbol,images), psychoanalistic and Research Paper

Write about the formalism(Texture,symbol,images), psychoanalistic and modern criticism in Gustave Flaubert's Madame Bovary. Also Talk about the color Blue in the Novel - Research Paper Example In addition, it offers a standard against which to compare the works and writers that have followed it. It is impossible to understand or appreciate modern European and American fiction without an acquaintance with Madame Bovary. This paper seeks to give a detailed account of the various aspects of literature that are at play in the novel. Gustave Flaubert begins her famous novel; Madame Bovary by highlighting the life of Charles Bovary from his early life as a boy who as unable to fir in his new school and as results became the center of ridicule from his classmates. His entire life is marked by dullness and mediocrity that is evident by how he conducts himself before other people. His failure in the medical school leads into him becoming a second-rate doctor in the country. He is married off to a widow by his mother and the marriage does not last for a long time as the widow dies after a short duration. Charles who expected to gain a lot of wealth after the marriage is left with almost nothing and he becomes poorer than before (Rozen, 101). The life of Charles soon takes another turn when he falls in love with Emma who is a daughter to one of his patients and they get married. Emma’s romantic expectations are not met in the marriage. She had spent a better part of her life in the convent and developed an inner belief that marriage was going to be the end of all her troubles. He dream for a sophisticated kind of a lifestyle was borne on the day she attended a very extravagant ball at the home of a noble wealthy man. The village life that she now has to put up with does not match up to her expectations and she gets bored and depressed. She falls ill and after conceiving, they move to another town with the hope that she will get better. In the new town, they meet different people who begin to shape and transform their lives. Emma continues to be despondent after giving birth because she failed to

Case study 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Case study 2 - Assignment Example During the midmorning snack, Jim will be offered one cup of plain yogurt, Mona will take one half cup of cooked pastas while Kora will be offered  ¼ cup of cottage cheese. During the mid afternoon snack Jim will take 1  ½ ounces of cheddar cheese, Mona will take 1  ½ cup of cooked rice, while Kora will have 1 egg (Marotz, 2011). Mona who is allergic to wheat is likely to have a shortage of carbohydrates and fiber; he will lack nutrients such as calcium, iron, riboflavin, and thiamin. Jim who does do take milk will lack enough proteins and nutrients such as calcium, while Kara will have a deficiency of vitamins especially vitamin B. Peanuts is also a good source of proteins. In order to meet their nutritional needs they are supposed to be given food such as puddings, cheese, yogurt for Jim, pastas, rice for Mola, and legumes, meat, beans or eggs for Kola. As a teacher, one should also ensure that we have the approval of the child’s physician before giving any treatment to any child with allergy symptoms. We should ensure that children do not use their allergies as a way of getting attention or seeking special privileges (Marotz,

The Theory of Music Universality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Theory of Music Universality - Essay Example Its ability to communicate has been as revered as it has been suspect, and its rich social and ritualistic associations have added layers of meanings that can only be expressed in musical terms, and not in terms of words or images. Aaron Copland in his "How We Listen" says that music can be listened to and enjoyed in three different planes: the sensual, the expressive and the solely musical. The listening experience for a particular piece of music is evaluated on all these planes simultaneously, but to understand the effects of music it is necessary that we at least outline these levels separately. The sensual plane is the absorption of the sheer pleasure that music affords, the elevated mood it evokes, and the escape from the mundanities of life it makes possible. The expressive plane, on the other hand, talks to the listener, but does not have a concrete message to convey, it conveys broad senses of emotion: "..... serenity or exuberance, regret or triumph, fury or delight. It expresses each of these moods, and many others, in a numberless variety of subtle shadings and differences. It may even express a state of meaning for which there exists no adequate word in any language".The third plane is where the listener is aware of the musical form, where the harmony, the melody, the rhythm, and the tonal color are consciously appreciated: the listener knows about the notes and the structure of the written music, the composer's style and thought process and can evaluate the rendition of all this by the performers. All theories of music through time have talked about the sensual, expressive or the solely musical planes in one way or the other. To understand how the perceptions on music have changed down the years, we need to examine the various thought processes of philosophers, and the conclusions they arrived at, tracing a historical outline from the Greek times, to the Baroque era and down to the present. Not much factual evidence of Greek music has survived, but an understanding of the ancient Greek philosophers like Plato and his student Aristotle, Pythagoras and Plotinus go a long way in answering a lot of queries on the views held about music in those times. Of note is the fact that music then was more of a part of people's lives than it is today, and hence the comments made by the thinkers of those times have to be understood in the appropriate context. For all our musical and philosophical sophistication, it seems that the Greeks 'lived' their music far more deeply than we do ours. Difficult though it may be for us to think of music as the kind of thing capable of revealing important fundamental truths about the world, for the ancient Greeks there seems to have been little doubt. And for good reason: their world was, after all, a fundamentally musical one. (Bowman, 1998)